达芬奇的恶魔

高市早苗政府下调消费税，反给日本民众挖大坑,高市早苗政府下调消费税，反给日本民众挖大坑_我的网站

一 |     GUATEMALA CITY -- One person died and at least two more were injured by gunshots near a pro-democracy demonstration in Guatemala on Monday, local authorities said.Victor Gomez, spokesman for the volunteer firemen in Malacatan, near the border with Mexico, said it was not clear whether the victims were protesters themselves, or just caught nearby.The incident marked the beginning of a third week of demonstrations against Attorney General Consuelo Porras, who protesters accuse of attempting to undermine a popular vote for progressive President-elect Bernardo Arévalo.Videos from Malacatan circulating on social media painted a chaotic picture. Some appear to show civilians and police officers fleeing as bursts of gunfire are heard. In one recording, a vehicle and a police patrol are burning. It is not clear who fired the shots. In response to the incident, Guatemalan President Alejandro Giammattei said authorities were “carrying out corresponding investigations” and promised more details in due course.The National Police later announced the arrest of 11 people.The Interior Department said in a statement that after the attack it coordinated a search for the vehicles involved and found three wounded people, but it made no mention of a death.Arévalo took to the social network X, formerly known as Twitter, to condemn the violence. “We demand that the authorities ensure the safety of those who peacefully demonstrate and guarantee that this act does not go unpunished,” he said.The incident is the latest violent episode after 15 days of protests and roadblocks in the Central American country. On Sunday, Porras' supporters in Guatemala City called for violence against demonstrators blocking roads. Then on Monday, other social media videos appeared to show people in civilian clothing carrying machetes attacking protestors at three roadblocks in the township of El Asintal, Retalhuleu, just under 55 miles (90 kilometers) southwest of Malacatan.Porras herself has called for the roadblocks to be cleared, using force if necessary, “in the public interest.” On Monday she urged the government to sack Interior Secretary Napoleón Barrientos for failing to do so.Demonstrators maintain that after Arévalo’s victory in the August runoff election, Porras mounted an undemocratic challenge against Arévalo, his left-wing Seed Movement party and electoral authorities. They have called for the resignation of Porras, prosecutors Rafael Curruchiche and Cinthia Monterroso, and Judge Fredy Orellana.。    　　高市早苗政府，最近给日本经济开了一剂减税“药方”。　　为了应对日本飙升的物价、安抚民生，近日，高市早苗内阁正式敲定食品消费税减税基本方针，决定从2027年4月起的两年内，将食品饮料消费税率从8%降至1%。　　这是日本自1989年开征消费税以来首次下调税率。但据日本共同社8月22至23日的全国电话调查数据，71.7%的受访者对减税后的财政状况表示担忧。随之而来的，高市内阁支持率跌至50.2%，创上台以来最低纪录。

二 | 　　减税应该是惠及民生的好事。但高市早苗的减税，为何却让日本民众怕了？　　因为减税后的日子，对日本民众来说是真的不好过。　　如今，日本正面临大规模食品“涨价潮”，日本一家数据公司的最新调查显示，7月日本市场有2269种食品涨价。其中，面包类价格涨幅为3%至9%，方便面类涨幅为4%至11%，香肠、罐头等加工食品涨幅为2%至30%。　　这意味着，减税省下来的那点钱，基本跑不赢飞涨的物价。　　消费者省不了钱，普通餐饮店也可能因为减税亏本，甚至倒闭。　　按照高市的减税方案，外卖及便利店便当、熟食等食品将从原本8%的税率改为1%的低税率，而餐厅堂食则维持10%不变。　　放到最终的消费上，就是点同样的菜品，外卖比堂食的税要便宜九成，于是将会有更多人选择打包带走而不是坐下堂食，但人工、房租、水电这些固定成本却一分不少。　　而且餐馆进货时，采购食材、调味品、包装盒大多要按普通商品10%的标准税率缴税，卖出去的外带便当却只能按1%计税。这9个点的税差意味着成本不变，餐馆税金垫付的压力增大，现金流会被两头挤压。　　据日本广播协会报道，有餐饮店老板表示：“有些顾客可能会觉得外带更好，这可能导致堂食人数减少，我们必须想办法应对可能出现的客流量下降。”还有餐饮店主直言担忧：“可能大多数餐饮店都要倒闭了”。　　如此减税，不但没减出普惠，反而制造了新的不公平。　　这还不是最令日本民众感到担忧的。日本民众更想知道，减税之后，日本的钱从哪来？　　据日本媒体测算，减税两年将造成近10万亿日元的税收损失，年均约5万亿。而消费税是日本养老金、医保等社会保障制度的“地基财源”，占日本税收约三分之一。

三 | 　　如今减税导致社保财源被挖出一个大窟窿，未来养老金能不能按时发、看病能不能报销、老人护理还能不能保障……这些都成了悬在日本人头上的问号。　　虽然高市强调“不会依赖发行特例公债（赤字国债）”来凑钱，但这话恰恰暴露了这件事最核心的矛盾：减税造成了如此大的财政窟窿，如果真不借债，钱从哪来？　　要知道，日本早已是全球债务负担最重的国家之一，政府债务规模约是其GDP的两倍。　　市场最怕的就是政府为了填减税的坑而大肆发债。因为债发多了，国债就会被抛售、收益率就会飙升。

四 | 国债利率一涨，企业贷款利率、房贷利率全跟着涨，最终买单的还是普通老百姓。　　高市早苗的这场减税闹剧，本质上是一场以“惠民”为包装的政治赌博。

五 | 她赌的是明年9月自民党总裁选举时能多拿些政治筹码，因为表面上看，减税有助于提升民众对政府的好感度。　　只不过明眼人都能看出来，看似安抚民心的“良方”，实则是一剂压榨民众未来的“毒药”。短期的政治红利，换来的是日本社会长久的经济阵痛，最终只会让全体日本民众为高市内阁的政治投机买单。　　｜总策划：俞岚　　｜策划：周锐　　｜统筹：王庆凯 程春雨　　｜执笔：戴悦　　｜责编：查志远　　｜校对：叶婷　　｜“三里河”工作室出品。

Current article:http://r6m1.cuntoujuefourantapai.cfd/news/20260826_6098030.html

Published on:19:05:11